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Carter Reames asked:




There is one solar energy home application that is the logical place to begin, it almost always is the making of domestic solar hot water. ?The very logical basis for this conclusion is that solar hot water is normally the most financially rewarding and the easiest residential solar application that can be done.?

Normally, the expense of making domestic hot water by traditional means constitutes between twenty-five percent and thirty-three percent of total house energy costs, and a solar hot water system can save between two-thirds and over three-fourths of this power cost. ?

Of additional significance in beginning with domestic hot water in converting a conventional power home to solar is the increasing possibilities of handy do-it-yourself (DIY) solar water products, either from scratch or buying easy to install products available on the internet that are simple to implement and much cheaper than a full contractor installation. ?Additionally, if total or partial solar water home heating is a likely prospect, this kind of system can be very economically and efficiently integrated.?

Generally solar water systems have solar thermal panels, a liquid system to transfer the heat collected from the heat collector to storage or its place of usage; and a means for moving the fluid between the collector and storage or the place of usage.

An active system uses electric pumps and controllers to transfer the water, while a passive system uses only thermosyphon combined with gravity to naturally transport the liquid as it is heated. ?On the other hand, in some passive systems an integral collector-storage system (ICS or “batch system”) may be employed if circumstances are appropriate. ?These systems have one or several black storage containers inside an insulated box with a glass side where cold water is preheated in the solar collector tanks before moving into a fossil energy water heater.?

If a totally green active system is desired, there are also some excellent, cheap DIY solar power electricity kits which make it cost-effective to create sustainable onsite electricity with which to pump the liquid and to operate its electronic controllers. ?Regardless of whether an active or passive system is employed, both almost always have a backup heat source available to heat the water as required to maintain adequate temperatures.?

There are two reasons that flat-plate collectors are almost always used in house solar applications: they achieve sufficiently high temperatures (less than 200 degrees Fahrenheit), and they are considerably less costly than the closest ?collector alternative. ?A flat-plate panel usually consists of (1) a dark metal or plastic plate to capture the solar heat, (2) a clear glass or plastic cover which allows the solar heat to transmit to the absorber but minimizes heat loss, and (3) a plastic or metal insulated container with which to enclose the heat absorber. ?The heat transfer liquid moves through pipes that are usually integrated with the heat absorber. ?The typical installation affixes flat-plate solar collectors with a fixed orientation to the sun. ?And, the highest solar capture efficiency is obtained if the panel faces toward the sun and slopes at an angle to the horizon equal to the latitude plus approximately 10 degrees.

In this as in all alternative energy applications, there is the double benefit of reducing fossil power expenses while reducing the associated environmental impacts of traditional power generation.



Jason